In extending Mali’s rule beyond Kangaba’s narrow confines, Sundiata set a precedent for successive emperors. (The name Mali absorbed the name Kangaba at about this time.) Their dislike of the Susu chief Sumanguru’s harsh but ineffective rule provoked the Malinke to revolt, and in 1230 Sundiata, the brother of Kangaba’s fugitive ruler, won a decisive victory against the Susu chief. The Malinke inhabitants of Kangaba acted as middlemen in the gold trade during the later period of ancient Ghana. The Mali empire developed from the state of Kangaba, on the upper Niger River east of the Fouta Djallon, and is said to have been founded before 1000 ce. Mali, trading empire that flourished in western Africa from the 13th to the 16th century.
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